Nine months before Rosa Parks, Colvin’s courage on a Montgomery bus helped ignite a movement—and changed American history
MONTGOMERY, Ala. | Long before the civil rights movement captured the nation’s attention, Claudette Colvin took a stand that helped bend the arc of history.
Colvin, whose arrest in 1955 for refusing to surrender her seat on a segregated Montgomery city bus helped lay the legal and moral groundwork for desegregation, died Tuesday at age 86, according to the Claudette Colvin Legacy Foundation. She died of natural causes in Texas, the organization confirmed.
At just 15 years old, Colvin boarded a city bus on March 2, 1955, riding home from high school. When white seating filled, the driver ordered Black passengers to give up their seats. Colvin refused—an act of defiance that came nine months before Rosa Parks would spark international attention with a similar stand.
“My mindset was on freedom,” Colvin said in a 2021 interview. “History had me glued to the seat.”
Her arrest did not immediately galvanize a mass protest, but it amplified the growing frustration Black residents felt over daily indignities and unequal treatment on Montgomery’s buses. That tension ultimately culminated in the yearlong Montgomery Bus Boycott, a watershed campaign that elevated the Rev. Martin Luther King Jr. to national prominence and marked the launch of the modern civil rights movement.

















