Retired Pentagon legal chiefs and national security analysts argue Operation Epic Fury triggered the War Powers Resolution and risks wider regional escalation.
A growing group of former U.S. military legal officials and national security analysts is alleging that President Donald Trump’s order authorizing coordinated U.S.–Israeli strikes on Iranian targets violated both domestic and international law, igniting a high-stakes debate over presidential war powers, congressional authority, and the risk of broader Middle East conflict.
Retired Air Force Lt. Col. Rachel VanLandingham, who previously served as chief of international law at U.S. Central Command, said the operation — dubbed Operation Epic Fury — constituted a clear “introduction of U.S. forces into hostilities,” thereby triggering the War Powers Resolution’s 48-hour notification requirement.
“This absolutely triggers the 48-hour notice requirement,” VanLandingham said, arguing that informal briefings to the bipartisan “Gang of Eight” do not satisfy the statutory obligation for a formal report to Congress as an institution.








